WHAT ARE ALKENES ?
A COLLEGE CHEMISTRY LESSON
SOAP, CLEANSER, FIBRE, FOOD,
 & LEATHER PROCESSING AIDS
RESEARCH
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ALKENES 
A HIGH ENERGY
ELECTRON DIFFRACTION
( H.E.E.D. ) STUDY OF ETHYLENE
ALKENES HAVE THE GENERAL FORMULA
 ( N )CBN + ( 2N )HDR  
THE SMALLEST OF THE ALKENES, IS CALLED ETHENE & ETHYLENE,
BECAUSE, IT HAS THE CHEMICAL RATIO FORMULA:  H2C=CH2
IT IS REFERRED TO, AS THE MOTHER OF ALL ALKENES,
BECAUSE, AT SPECIFIC TEMPERATURES, IT BONDS EASILY,
TO METHYL, ETHYL & PROPYL GROUPS, TO MAKE MORE THAN,
27 OTHER TYPES, OF GASES & HYDROLYZING AGENTS.
HOWEVER, WHEN 80 ELECTRON STUDYS, OF ETHYLENE,
ALL SHOWED, 9 ELECTRON HITS, UPON THE NUCLEI, OF THE ATOMS,
IN THE CRYSTALS, OF ETHYLENE, THAT WERE BEING STUDIED,
INSTEAD OF 6 ELECTRON HITS, MANY SCIENTISTS ,
BEGAN TO DOUBT, THE FORMULA WAS CORRECT.
THE SAME STUDY OF ETHYLENE
WITH THE OUTER DIAMETERS OF
CARBON & HYDRON DRAWN
AROUND THE ELECTRON HITS
THIS STUDY, SHOWS THE SIZE, OF EACH OF THE TYPES, OF ATOMS,
IN THE FROZEN,HYDRO-CARBON MOLECULE OF ETHYLENE.
IT CONFIRMED, THEIR BELIEF, THAT, THERE WERE MORE,
THAN 2 CARBON ATOMS, IN AN ETHYLENE MOLECULE.
BECAUSE THE STUDY WAS SO PERSUASIVE,
SEVERAL GAS COMPANYS, THEN  ALSO DECIDED, TO STUDY,
THE SAME FROZEN HYDROCARBON CRYSTALS, FROM THE TOP.
INSTEAD OF, JUST FROM THE SIDE,
AS THEY HAD BEEN, STUDYING THEM, UP TO THAT TIME.
THE SAME MOLECULAR CRYSTAL
AS SEEN FROM THE TOP
THIS IS A STUDY, OF ETHYLENE, FROM SHELL OIL CO.
MADE WITH A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
THAT WAS BUILT, BY THE GAS COMPANYS, TO MAKE
PETROLEUM FRACTIONAL DISTILLATE STUDYS,
AT .SUPER COLD -132°C TEMPERATURES.
THE SCM STUDY, SHOWS 8 ELECTRON HITS, ON
THE FROZEN MOLECULAR CRYSTAL, OF ETHYLENE.
SCM STUDY OF
ETHYLENE

WHEN THE DIAMETERS, OF THE CARBON & HYDRON ATOMS,
WERE DRAWN, AROUND THE ELECTRON HITS, IT BEGANS TO SAY,
THAT ETHYLENE, HAS 4 CARBON ATOMS & 8 HYDRON ATOMS,
BECAUSE, THEY KNEW FROM THE EARLIER STUDY, SHOWN ABOVE LEFT,
THAT THE HYDRON ATOMS, ARE LOCATED ONE BELOW THE OTHER,
ON EACH, OF THE METHYLENE CARBONS.
IT ALSO VERIFIED,
THE NMR FINDINGS THAT INDICATED,
THAT THE FROZEN CRYSTALS,HAVE A


THE SAME CRYSTAL
AS SEEN FROM THE SIDE BY A
SCANNING TUNNELING  MICROSCOPE
THIS IS A STUDY, MADE 22 MONTHS LATER, IN BELGIUM WITH
THE WORLDS LARGEST, SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE.
IT REVEALS, THE TRUTH ABOUT, THIS MISS NAMED MOLECULE.
QUITE OBVIOUSLY, ETHYLENE IS BUTYLENE   ( BUTYL = FOUR )
HOW DID IUPAC HANDLE THIS DILEMMA ?  NOW WHEN YOU GO,
TO LOOK UP BUTYLENE, IN THE DICTIONARY YOU READ:
BUYTLENE:  C4H8, ONE OF THE ISOMERIC HYDROCARBONS,
OF THE ETHYLENE SERIES, OBTAINED BY CRACKING PETROLEUM.
A COMPUTER SIMULATION OF
THE ETHYLENE ISOMER
" BUTYLENE "
CH2
/    \
H2C      CH2
\    /  
CH2   
4.CBN + 8.HDR
THIS DRAWING, OF A CRYSTAL OF BUTYLENE,
SHOWS US, THE PARALLELEPIPED SHAPE,
& THE PLACEMENT OF THE PAIRED HYDRON ATOMS,
ON EACH OF THE FOUR, CARBON ATOMS.
THIS TYPE OF BUTYELENE, IS MADE OF CH2, METHYLENE CARBONS,
THAT ARE LEFT, AFTER ALL THE OTHER LARGER DISTILLATES,
OF PETROLEUMS, ARE BOILED OFF.
THE METHYLENES, ARE THEN DRAWN, UNDER VACUUM, INTO
A CENTRIFUGE, WHERE THEY ARE IMMERSED, IN METHYL ALCOHOL,
& REFIRED AT 256°C, INTO THIS DIAMOND-LIKE, MONOCLINIC FORM.
STUDYS, MADE OF PROPENE & BUTENE, AT THE SAME TIME,
SHOWED, THAT THIS BUTYLENE MOLECULE,
IS AT THE CORE, OF THESE LARGER ALKENES ALSO.
WHICH IS WHY, ETHYLENE IS CALLED, THE MOTHER OF ALL ALKENES.
RESEARCH
PROPENE TO HEXENE 
1979 LEED STUDY OF PROPENE
THIS MOLECULAR STUDY OF PROPYLENE
BY THE CHEM-DATA TEAM, SUGGESTS IT IS
HEXENE~ 2 METHYL BUTYLENE
    CH2=CH+CH3 IS THE IUPAC, RATIO FORMULA FOR PROPENE & PROPYLENE
THE SYMBOL = IN THE FORMULA, IS SAID TO INDICATE,
THAT THE CH HYDROLENE CARBON ATOM,
        BONDS TWICE, TO THE CH2 CARBON ATOM, BEFORE IT.
WHEN CHEMISTS, IN GERMANY, DOUBTED THAT PROPYLENE,
HAD ONLY 3 CARBON ATOMS, THEY COMMISIONED JEAN PROUVE,
TO STUDY THE GAS, AT THE NEW MOLECULAR STUDY CENTER IN PARIS.
THE LOW ENERGY ELECTRON DIFFRACTION STUDY, MADE AT
THE SORBONNE IN PARIS & THE MOLECULAR STUDY BELOW IT,
INDICATED, THAT PROPYLENE, HAD,
A FOUR CARBON, BUTYLENE CORE,
WITH A METHYL CARBON, AT EACH END,
BONDED TO CH HYDROLENE CARBONS.
THEREFORE, THE IUPAC BOARD, COMMISIONED THEIR BELGIUM TEAM,
TO STUDY THE HEXENE 2.PROPYLENE IN MORE DETAIL.
SCANNING MICROSCOPE STUDY OF
 HEXENE ~ 2 METHYL BUTYLENE
FROM THE SIDE


CH2
/     \
H3C - HC      CH - CH3
\      /  
CH2

THIS STUDY, OF HEXENE:  2 METHYL BUTYLENE,
WAS MADE, WITH A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE,
IN BELGIUM & LATER DUPLICATED, IN PARIS & AT CERN 208 TIMES.
IT SHOWS US, WHERE THE CH2, CH & CH3 GROUPS ARE,
AND WHY, THE METHYLS, ARE NOT OFTEN SENSED,
DURING NMR STUDYS OF HEXENE~2 METHYL BUTYLENE,
BECAUSE OF THE NEARNESS, OF THE HYDRON IONS
ON BOTH, THE CH HYDROLENE CARBONS.
USING ALL 3 STUDYS, IT WAS POSSIBLE, FOR CHEM-DATA,
TO THEN, CREATE THE REVISED STRUCTURAL FORMULA, SHOWN LEFT
AND THE COMPUTER SIMULATION, SHOWN BELOW IT.
THEREFORE,
 ITS REVISED IUPAC NAME & COMPUTER SYSTEM FORMULAS ARE
HEXENE ~ 2 METHYL BUTYLENE
6.CBN +12.HDR = H3C + CH+2(CH2)+CH+CH3
THE PROCESS FORMULA IS:
[ >'CH + >CH2 + >'CH + >CH2 ] + 2('CH3)
THE PRECISE CHEMICAL NAME, IS PART OF A COMPUTER FORMULA.
THE EXACT QUANTITYS ARE THEN SHOWN,AS PART OF THE FORMULA.
AND THEN, THE FORMULA, TELLS THE COMPUTER, HOW TO BOND,
        THE DIFFERENT COMPONENTS, OF THE COMPLETE CHEMICAL.
A SIDE VIEW OF THE OIL
 HYDROLYZING AGENT
HEXENE - 2 METHYL BUTYLENE
THIS DRAWING OF A HEXENE~ 2 METHYL BUTYLENE
GAS MOLECULE, IS BASED ON THE ABOVE RESEARCH.
THE GAS, IS NOW USED, TO MAKE HYDROLYZED CORN OIL,
BAKING & FRYING AIDES & IN MANY  OTHER SHORTENINGS,
THAT MAKE BAKE GOODS, FLAKY OR SOFT & TENDER.
HEXENE ~ 2 METHYL BUTYLENE
CAN BE MADE FROM SOY OIL, CANOLA OIL OR BEEF FAT
RESEARCH
1-BUTENE TO OCTENE ~ 2 ETHYL BUTYLENE 
A LEED STUDY FROM BELGIUM
SHOWS THE LOCATION OF THE NUCLEI
OF THE ATOMS IN SHELL OIL, 1-BUTENE
THIS MOLECULAR STRUCTURE STUDY
BY CHEM-DATA ANALYTICAL RESEARCH
SHOWS EXACTLY HOW THE SAME
MOLECULE OF SHELL 1-BUTENE
APPEARS FROM THE SIDE  
SIMILAR RESEARCH, FROM BELGIUM, SHOWS US ALSO,
THAT 1-BUTENE, IS TWICE AS LARGE, AS PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT.
THE STRUCTURAL FORMULA DEVELOPED, FROM THE LEED STUDY,
& THE MOLECULAR ANALYSIS, BY CHEM-DATA ANALYTICAL RESEARCH,
SHOWS US, THE ALKENES ,COMPLETE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE IS
CH2
/     \
HCH2 - H2C - HC      CH - CH2 -H2CH
\      /  
CH2
THEREFORE,
ITS NEW IUPAC SYSTEM NAME IS  OCTENE ~ 2 ETHYL BUTYLENE
        IT IS CALLED IN PART,  2 ETHYL BUTYLENE
BECAUSE, BOTH THE ETHYL ESTERS,
ARE JOINED, TO THE BUTYLENE CORE, AFTER IT IS DISTILLED.
OCTENE ~ 2 ETHYL BUTYLENE    
8.CBN+16.HDR
=
H3C+CH2+CH+2( CH2 )+CH+CH2+CH3)
THE PROCESS FORMULA IS:
[ >'CH+>CH2->'CH+>CH2 ]+2(>CH2+'CH3 )
THE PRECISE CHEMICAL NAME, IS PART OF A COMPUTER FORMULA
THE EXACT QUANTITYS ARE THEN SHOWN IN THE FORMULA.
THEN THE FORMULA TELLS THE COMPUTER, HOW TO BOND,
THE DIFFERENT COMPONENTS, OF THE COMPLETE CHEMICAL.
OCTENE~2 ETHYL BUTYLENE
VIEWED FROM THE SIDE
CH2
/     \
HCH2 - H2C - HC      CH - CH2 -H2CH
\      /  
CH2

THE ILLUSTRATION LEFT
IS A COMPUTER SIMULATION OF,
OCTENE ~ 2 ETHYL BUTYLENE
BASED UPON, LOW ENERGY ELECTRON DIFFRACTION ( LEED )
MICROSCOPE STUDYS, OF THESE AMORPHOUS GAS MOLECULES.
45 SYNTHETIC LEATHERS, ARE DEVELOPED AROUND,
THIS OCTENE, AND MANY SHOE DYES & DIGITAL PRINTER DYES
ARE BUILT ON, THIS NEW OCTENE.
RESEARCH
2- BUTENE TO TETRA METHYL-BUTYLENE
TETRA METHYL BUTYLENE
THIS IS A STUDY, FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA,
OF 2-BUTENE, FROM THEIR LOCAL GAS COMPANY.
IT TOLD THE NEBRASKA SENAT,E THAT THE GAS COMPANY,
WAS NOT SELLING CH3CH=CHCH3
BUT INSTEAD, SOLD A HEAVIER, LESS COMBUSTIBLE GAS,
WITH THE FORMULA ( CH+CH3 )4 = 8.CBN:+16.HDR:
BECAUSE OF THIS STUDY, THE GAS COMPANY WAS CLOSED,
& THE HEAVIER GAS, TETRA METHYL-BUTYLENE,
THEN BEGAN TO BE USED, TO FABRICATE,
SHOE GLAZES,FOR WOMENS SHOES,
SYNTHETIC HANDBAG LEATHERS,
& OTHER THIN LEATHERLIKE SHEET VINYL PRODUCTS,
FOR WHICH IT WAS ORGINALLY MADE BY MARTIN & WIESE.

A COMPUTER SIMULATION OF
OCTENE 4
TETRA METHYL BUTYLENE
8.CBN: + 16.HDR:
LATER,THE OREGON COURTS FOUND THE SAME GAS COMPANY,
GUILTY OF FRAUD AND FORCED IUPAC, TO CHANGE THE NAME,
OF THE BOTTLED GAS, THEY WERE MARKETING, TO GAS COMPANYS,
TO TETRA METHYL BUTENE & OR TETRA METHYL BUTYLENE.
IUPAC, NOW SHOWS, 2-BUTENE & TETRA METHYL BUTYLENE,
WITH THE SAME CHEMICAL PROPERTYS.
THIS GAS, IS NOW MARKETED, FOR METHYLATION PURPOSES
FOR THE CREATION OF SYNTHETIC LEATHER COMPONENTS,
IN SOUTH AMERICA, AFRICA, AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND.
 CH3
|
 CH
/    \
H3C - HC    CH - CH3
\    /  
CH
|  
 CH3   
RESEARCH
2 METHYL PROPENE = OCTENE ~ 2-2.METHYL BUTYLENE
AN ELECTRON POSITRON STUDY OF
2-2 METHYL BUTYLENE
THIS IS A STUDY, OF MADE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA,
OF A GAS SOLD AS PROPANE.
IT SHOWED, THE STATE PUBLIC UTILITYS COMMISSION,
THAT 2 METHYL PROPENE, WAS NOT A PROPANE FOR COOKING,
WITH, 3 CARBON ATOMS, BUT INSTEAD, WAS A FORMULATION
DEVELOPED FOR MAKING, SYNTHETIC LEATHER PRODUCTS,
THAT HAS 8 CARBON ATOMS WITH THE FORMULA: 8.CBN+16.HDR
IUPAC NOW LISTS THIS GAS AS,
PARA METHYL BUTYLENE, ( METHYLPROPENE )
A COMPUTER SIMULATION OF
OCTENE 2-2 ~ 2-2 METHYL BUTYLENE
H3C     HCH     CH3
\    /     \    /
C        C
/    \     /    \
H3C     HCH     CH3
PARA METHYL BUTYLENE
2-2 METHYL BUTYLENE,
IS A GAS, NOW USED TO MAKE,
SPRAY ON CHEDDAR CHEESES,
BUTTER FLAVORED CANOLA OIL MARGERINES,
SPRAY ON HAIR MOUSSES, SPRAY ON HAND CREAMS,
WOMENS CONTRACEPTIVES & EYE GLASS CLEANSERS.
 ITS COMPLETE, COMPUTER SYSTEM NAME & FORMULA IS:   
OCTENE ~ 2-2 METHYL BUTYLENE = 8.CBN+16.HDR
=
(CH3)2+C+2(CH2)+C+2(CH3)
OR AS A PROCESS FORMULA
 8.CBN +16.HDR = 2('CH3) >C< 2(>CH2) >C<2('CH3)
GASES USED
SUBSTITUTED ALKENES
FLUORINE..............FLORON
CHLORINE.............CLORON
NITROGEN...............NITRON
WHEN OTHER ATOMIC ELEMENTS, ARE SUBSTITUTED FOR,
EITHER THE HYDRON ATOMS, OR THE CARBON ATOMS IN A FORMULA
THE ALKENE IS CALLED A, SUBSTITUTED HYDRO-CARBON.
RESEARCH
TETRA FLORO ETHYLENE  
THIS IS A STUDY OF A SOAP COMPONENT, MADE AT -168°F
THE IUPAC RATIO FORMULA IS: CFL2 = CFL2  =  2.CBN: + 4.CLR:
IN AN ATTEMPT, TO COMPREHEND, THE CORRECT BONDING
PROCEEDURE, TO BE USED, TO SYNTHESIZE, THIS COMPOUND,
THE UNIVERSITIES OF GERMANY & AUSTRIA, JOINED FORCES,
TO STUDY, THIS EXPENSIVE, IMPORTED SOAP COMPONENT.
THE STUDYS, PROVED INCONCLUSIVE, UNTIL IT WAS COMBINED,
WITH AN NMR READING, OF THE SAME COMPOUND, THAT SHOWED,
THE LOCATION, OF A NUCLEUS, THAT HAD DEFIED ALL ATTEMPTS,
        TO HIT IT,  WITH THEIR LEED EQUIPMENT.
LEED STUDY OF
TETRA FLORO ETHYLENE
BY COMBINING THE INFORMATION, PROVIDED BY THE LEED & NMR
EQUIPMENT, CHEM-DATA RESEARCH, WAS ABLE TO DRAW IN,
THE INTER-ATOMIC DISTANCE, DIAMETER CIRCLES,
THAT REVEALED, THE NATURAL BONDS, IN THIS CONJUGATED,
HALOGENATED ALKENE, NORMALLY DERIVED FROM LEMONS.
THIS INFORMATION ALLOWED THEM, TO DEVELOP A SYNTHESIS
SYSTEM, FOR EUROPEAN SOAP MANUFACTURERS, THAT SAVED
THEM HALF, OF THE NORMAL EXPENSES, FOR THE DIAL LIKE SOAP.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF
TETRA FLORO ETHYLENE
THIS IS A 3 DIMENSIONAL ILLUSTRATION, OF THIS SIMPLE ALKENE,
MADE FROM NATURAL ORGANIC COMPONENTS.
IT SHOWS, THAT THE UNSATURATED CARBON ATOMS,
HAVE CO-VALENT BONDS, TO BOTH OF THE PAIRS,
OF CO-VALENT BONDED, FLORON ATOMS.
THE COMPUTER SYSTEM FORMULA IS:
 TETRA FLORO ETHYLENE
 2.CBN+ 4.FLR = F+F+(C)2+F+F = 2*( >C+>F'+'F )
  RESEARCH  
TETRA CLORO ETHYLENE = OCTA CLORO BUTYLENE
TETRA CLORO ETHYLENE HAS THE RATIO FORMULA
CCL2  = CCL2
THIS STUDY, FROM THE GOTTINGEN RESEARCH INSTITUTE,
SHOWS THAT, THIS COMPOUND, IS A BUTYLENE,
WITH PAIRED, PARA CLORON IONS.
THE WORD PARA, IS USED IN THE NAME OF A CHEMICAL,
WHEN THERE ARE, PAIRED CHEMICAL COMPONENTS,
AT OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE MOLECULE.
THIS STUDY, FROM THE SORBONNE INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH,
WAS MADE, AT THE REQUEST OF THE DEAN, OF THE GOTTINGEN
RESEARCH INSTITUTE, WHO WAS NOT CONVINCED,
BY THE ABOVE STUDY OF TETRA CLORO ETHYLENE,
MADE ON THEIR SMALL GOTTINGEN, LEED MICROSCOPE.
THIS SIDE VIEW, MADE WITH A LARGER HEED MICROSCOPE,
IN ORLEANS,FRANCE, SHOWS THE PAIRED CLORON IONS,
ON EACH OF THE THREE CARBON IONS, VISIBLE FROM THIS VIEW.
OCTA CLORO BUTYLENE
THIS IS A COMPUER SIMULATION, OF THE ENTIRE MOLECULE,
BASED ON THE DATA, OBTAINED IN BOTH, THE ABOVE STUDYS.
TETRA CLORO ETHYLENE, IS NOW CALLED:
OCTA-CLORO-BUTYLENE
4.CBN+ 8.CLR= 4 ( CCL2 )= 4*[ >C<+2('CL) } @ 23.9°C
THIS SUBSTUTUTED HYDRO-CARBON, IS USED TO MAKE,
THE YELLOW COLORED PLASTIC, WIRE INSULATION,
THAT SURROUNDS, AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRICAL WIRING
THE OLEFINS
ARE COMBINATIONS
OF ALKENES
BY FAR, THE LARGEST PRODUCTION, OF ALKENES TODAY,
IS IN THE RELATED FIELD, OF OLEFINS.
OLEFINS, ARE NORMALLY OILY BASES,
MADE FROM WASTE CHEMICALS FROM THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
THAT ARE USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF FIBRES & SYNTHETIC LEATHERS.
THEY ARE IN EACH CASE, A COMBINATION OF TWO OR MORE
OF THE NINE ALKENES, THAT ARE ILLUSTRATED ABOVE.
LESSON REVIEW
WE HAVE LEARNED, FROM THESE STUDYS
THAT ALL THESE HYDROCARBONS,
ONLY HAVE SINGLE COVALENT BONDS.
THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT, TO REMEMBER,
BECAUSE THE COMPREHENSION OF THIS ,
SIMPLE, EASY TO LEARN, CONCEPT,
IS ALL THAT YOU REALLY NEED TO KNOW,
IN ORDER, TO MAKE, ANY ORGANIC CHEMICAL
YOU DO NOT HAVE TO WORRY,
ABOUT THE FALSE & MISLEADING CONCEPTS
WRITTEN IN THE SCIENCE TEXT BOOKS
OF THE LAST CENTURY OR TAUGHT BY PERSONS,
WHO HAVE NOT PERFORMED,
ADEQUATE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH,ON THEIR OWN,
TO BE ABLE TO COMPREHEND, THE STRUCTURES
OF ANY CHEMICALS, BUT THE ALKANES.

THE PROPORTION OF HYDRON ATOMS TO CARBON ATOMS, IS LESS
IN FORMULAS FOR THE ALKENES, THAN IN THOSE, FOR THE ALKANES
THEREFORE,
THE ALKENES ARE CALLED, UNSATURATED HYDRO-CARBONS
WHEREAS,.........
THE ALKANES ARE ALL CALLED, SATURATED HYDRO-CARBONS