WHAT IS A HELIX AND WHAT IS RNA & DNA ?

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=30 BGCOLOR="#006699" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><B>CHEMISTRY SCHOOL                    </B></FONT><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#FFFFCC" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="CHEMISTRY SCHOOL"><U>HOME PAGE - INDEX TO THE LESSONS</U></A>                               PAGE 1   </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=210 BGCOLOR="#FFCC66" TEXT="#080000"> <div>   ? WHAT IS A HELIX AND </div> <div>            WHAT IS RNA & DNA ?</div> <div>        </div> <div>       TABLE OF CONTENTS</div> <div> <A HREF="what_is_a_helix_m.htm#what_is_a_helix__" TARGET="TRLX_Middle" TITLE="WHAT IS A HELIX AND WHAT IS RNA DNA ?"><U>PAGE 1   WHAT IS A HELIX ?</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="our_genes_and_dna_our_genes.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="OUR GENES and DNA"><U>PAGE 2   OUR GENES & DNA  </U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="what_is_dna.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="WHAT IS DNA ?"><U>PAGE 3   DNA, WHAT IS DNA ?</U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="ladder_concepts.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="TWISTED LADDERS"><U>PAGE 4  TWISTED LADDERS</U></A></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" height=450 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <B>WHAT IS A HELIX AND WHAT IS RNA & DNA ?</B> <B> <A NAME="what_is_a_helix__"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B></div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="511" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 184 ><NOBR><div>      </div> <div> A <B>HELIX</B><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#CC6600" FACE="Arial" >...IS SIMPLY A SPIRAL OR COIL WITH</FONT></div> <div> A CONSTANT DIAMETER, AS SHOWN RIGHT</div> <bR> <div> OUR BODY, USES LONG, COILED UP,  </div> <div> STRINGS OF JOINED ATOMS,</div> <div> THAT ARE CALLED, MOLECULES, </div> <div> LIKE THE ONE SHOWN, IN THE DRAWING RIGHT</div> <div> AND BELOW, TO STORE,THE GENETIC MEMORY </div> <div> OF ALL OUR, INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS,</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <IMG SRC="11c89b990.gif" border=0 width="155" height="153" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 252 ><NOBR><bR> <div> <B><IMG SRC="11c90ec50.gif" border=0 width="270" height="197" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> ONE OF THESE COILED HELICAL</div> <div> MOLECULES, CAN STORE, MORE</div> <div> THAN 2,000,000 BONE GROWTH, </div> <div> PROGRAMMING MESSAGES, </div> <div> IN ONLY 5 MILLIMETERS.</div> <bR> <div> THESE RIBBED,COILED MOLECULES</div> <div> IN THE NUCLEUS, OF OUR CELLS,</div> <div> THAT ARE MADE, OF RIBOSE SUGARS, </div> <div> FOSFATES & NUCLEIC ACIDS, THAT,</div> <div> HELP US, TO MAKE OUR PROTEINS,</div> <div> ARE CALLED <B>R</B>IB-O-<B>N</B>UCLEIC <B>A</B>CID,</div> <div> MOLECULES OR....... " <B>R N A</B> " </div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER COLSPAN=2 HEIGHT= 515 ><NOBR><bR> <div> A SINGLE UNIT, OF THE RNA  " RIBONUCLEIC ACID " </div> <div> THAT HELPS US, TO CREATE THE PROTEIN "INSULIN", </div> <div> HAS A COIL DIAMETER, OF 38 MICRONS AND A LENGTH OF 68 MICRONS, </div> <div> AND HAS 22 COILS OF RNA,  SIMILAR TO THE DRAWING ABOVE,</div> <bR> <div> WHEN IT IS UNWOUND, IT HAS A LENGTH OF 1,765 MICRONS </div> <div> OR 27 TIMES LONGER....THAN IN ITS "HELIX - HELICAL" COILED UP STATE.</div> <bR> <div> OUR BODY, USES THIS METHOD OF COMPACTING, LONG MOLECULES,</div> <div> IN OUR CELLS, BECAUSE,THE COILED,LARGE-MACRO MOLECULES, </div> <div> ARE THREE TIMES STRONGER AND MUCH MORE FLEXIBLE,</div> <div> THEY CAN STRETCH AND COMPRESS, AND NOT BREAK,BECAUSE,</div> <div> THEY ARE SIMILAR TO THE COILED SPRINGS,IN AN AUTO OR TRUCK,</div> <div> THAT ALSO BEND AND COMPRESS AND DO NOT BREAK.</div> <bR> <div> NOW YOU KNOW, THAT RNA, IS THE ABBREVIATION, FOR "RIB-O-NUCLEIC ACID"</div> <div> OR RIBONUCLEIC ACID, AS SCIENTISTS NORMALLY WRITE IT.</div> <bR> <div> AND THAT RNA, IS A VERY LONG, COILED UP MOLECULE, </div> <div> THAT HELPS US, TO CREATE, THE PROTEIN INSULIN,</div> <div> WHICH TELLS OUR NERVES AND MUSCLES</div> <div> WHEN TO USE THE GLUCOSE,IN OUR LYMPHIC SYSTEM.</div> <bR> <div> NOW IF YOU WANT TO KNOW, WHAT DNA IS, <A HREF="our_genes_and_dna.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="OUR GENES and DNA"><U> CLICK ON PAGE 2 </U></A></div> <bR> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>